Community-Based Approach in Managing Artisanal Small Scale Gold Mining in Developing Countries.

Abstract

Artisanal and small-scale mining takes place throughout the world, but is particularly widespread in developing countries. Research indicates that there are over 100 million artisanal miners in operation globally, with about 170 million people depending on it for survival. However, despite its critical role in socio-economic development, artisanal mining of gold is responsible for the release of mercury and other heavy metals into the environment. Small scale artisanal gold mining releases are estimated to be approximately 400 tons of airborne elemental mercury annually, affecting the overall health of miners and communities. As a result, there is increasingly international concern and commitment demonstrated through the implementation of a number of programmes to improve the activities of these miners and enhance environmental and community health.

This paper, which forms part of an ongoing

PhD project, reviews theoretical knowledge of artisanal small scale mining risks and evaluates the interventions aimed at managing the risks. One key finding of the review is that various interventions classified as the traditional strategies including formalization, alternative livelihood projects and improved technology have proved ineffective.

The paper further proposes community based approaches to problem identification, information sharing, technological support and conservation as ways of managing ASM risks.