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Title: | Orthostatic blood pressure variability is associated with lower visual contrast sensitivity function: Findings from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging |
Authors: | Bhuachalla, Bláithín Ní McGarrigle, Christine A. O'Leary, Neil Akuffo, Kwadwo Owusu Peto, Tunde Beatty, Stephen Kenny, Rose Anne |
Keywords: | Eye Contrast sensitivity Blood pressure variability End-organ damage Orthostatic hypotension Orthostatic hypertension |
Issue Date: | 2019 |
Publisher: | Experimental Gerontology |
Citation: | Experimental Gerontology, 119 (2019) 14–24 |
Abstract: | Background: Hypertension is established to cause vascular end-organ damage. Other forms of dysregulated blood
pressure (BP) behaviour, such as orthostatic hypotension have also been associated with cardiovascular (CV)
events. The eye is potentially vulnerable to dysregulated systemic BP if ocular circulation autoregulation is
impaired. We investigated whether phenotypes of abnormal BP stabilisation after orthostasis, an autonomic
stressor, had a relationship with contrast sensitivity (CS), an outcome measure of subtle psychophysical visual
function.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study from wave 1 of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA). From
beat-to-beat orthostatic BP (BP), measured by digital photoplethysmography during active stand, 4 phenotypes
have been defined 1) normal stabilisation 2) orthostatic hypotension, 3) orthostatic hypertension 4) BP variability.
Contrast sensitivity was measured using a Functional Visual Analyzer. Multivariable linear regression
models investigated the relationship between orthostatic BP phenotypes and contrast sensitivity in 4289 adults
aged ≥50 years adjusting for, demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, self-reported eye pathologies, objective
hypertension and antihypertensives. A sensitivity analysis adjusted for age-related macular degeneration,
glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy identified on retinal photographs. Finally models were compared,
adjusting for alternative measures of cataract versus not, to examine the potential effect of cataract on any
associations.
Results: Systolic orthostatic BP variability was associated with worse contrast sensitivity, in the primary and the
sensitivity analysis. Adjusting for alternative measures of clinical cataract attenuated the association by 18%.
Conclusions: Orthostatic BP variability is associated with worse contrast sensitivity, independent of hypertension
and retinal pathology and may be a cardiovascular biomarker of early ocular pathology. |
Description: | An article published by Experimental Gerontology, 119 (2019) 14–24 |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/12986 |
Appears in Collections: | College of Science
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