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Title: | Wound healing activity of the hydro-ethanol extract of the rhizomes of cochlospermum tinctorium (cochlospermaceae) |
Authors: | Nortey, Nathaniel Nene Djangmah Amponsah, Isaac Kingsley |
Keywords: | Wound Healing Hydro-Ethanol Rhizomes Cochlospermum Tinctorium |
Issue Date: | 23-Jul-2021 |
Abstract: | Wound is an injury to a living tissue, caused by a cut or an impact, typically one which
the integrity of the skin is broken. The breach in skin structure impairs proper skin
function and exposes underlining tissues to further damage. Skin wounds are
associated with significant morbidity and mortality especially if infected. An excellent
wound healing agent is able to promote the natural phases (hemostasis, inflammation,
re-epithelization and formation of scar tissue) of wound healing and prevent acute
wounds from becoming chronic. Medicinal plants present an enormous resource to
develop such wound healing agents. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the
wound healing activity of the hydro-ethanol extract of the rhizomes of Cochlospermum
tinctorium used traditionally for the treatment of infections and burns. The dried
powdered rhizomes of C. tinctorium was soxhlet extracted with 70% ethanol and
incorporated in an aqueous cream at 1, 2 and 4% concentrations and tested for wound
healing activity using the excision wound model. The wound tissues were harvested
after 14 days to study the progress of healing at the tissue level. The antioxidant
activities of the hydro-ethanol extract and various fractions were evaluated using the
DPPH radical scavenging assay and the total antioxidant capacity determined by
phosphate molybdate method with gallic acid as the standard drug (concentrations of
500-7.81 µg/mL). Using the agar well diffusion method the extract and fractions
(concentration of 100 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL and 25 mg/mL) and the creams (1%, 2%,
4%, blank cream and silver sulphadiazine) were screened for their potential
antimicrobial activity. The MICs of the hydro-ethanol extract and the fractions (pet
ether, chloroform and methanol) were determined by the High-Throughput Spot
growth inhibition (HT-SPOTi) method. Also pharmacognostic standardization of the
rhizomes was carried out by looking at the macroscopic, microscopic, organoleptic
features of the rhizome and physicochemical analysis of the powdered rhizome. By
day fourteen (14), all the test creams and the reference drug showed a gradual reduction
in the surface wound area. The lowest concentration of the creams (1%) and the
reference drug showed statistically significant (** P<0.01) progressive reduction of
wound area as compared to the blank cream. The histopathology of sections revealed
that the epithelium was yet to form in most cases except for silver sulphadiazine.
However, there was less amount of lymphocytes present in the group treated with the1
% of cream compared to moderate to silver sulphadiazine, 2 %, 4 % and untreatediv
group. There was heavy deposition of collagen and formation of new vessels in group
treated with 1 % of formulated cream compared to mild to moderate deposition of
collagen in the other groups. Betulinic acid was isolated from the rhizomes as one of
its constituents. The powdered rhizomes of C. tinctorium contain abundant starch
grains, fibres and prismatic calcium oxalate crystals and can serve as reference for the
identification of the powder. This study validates the traditional use of Cochlospermum
tinctorium rhizome in the treatment of wounds (burns) and infections. The ethanol
extract of the rhizomes of Cochlospermum tinctorium has wound healing activity by
enhancing wound contraction and stimulation of fibroblast production. |
Description: | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy in the Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences College of Health Sciences |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/14504 |
Appears in Collections: | College of Health Sciences
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