The use of EM34-3 Electromagnetic Terrain Conductivity and Geo-Electrical Methods in Hydrogeological Investigations

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1996-07-14
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Electromagnetic (EM) terrain conductivity and Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) methods of geophysical prospecting have been applied in the investigation of groundwater potential in some communities in the Jirapa-Lambussie and Lawra Districts in the Upper West Regions. Geonics EM 34-3 Electromagnetic instrument was used as a fast reconnaissance survey tool in locating probable deep thickly weathered and fissured (i.e. fractured, jointed and sheared) zones. To confirm these conductive zones, depth of the overburden, formation resistivities and the nature of the weathered zone, Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) technique based on the Offset Wenner method was used. The ten communities investigated have varied groundwater potentials. Six communities namely Yagha, Loggu, Nandom, Samoa, Erernon and Tuggo have high potentials at all the sounding points. Jirapa and Lawra have high and low potentials, whilst Doweni have medium potential. After careful deductions in the various communities, groundwater could be found within the region of 30 to 50 m depth, while the regolith and the saprock had resistivity between 50 and 450 ohm-m.
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A thesis submitted to the Board of Postgraduate Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of Master of Science in Physics, 1996
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