The effects of plant density and planting date on the growth, yield, storability and viability of two soyabean varieties

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1994-09-25
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Abstract
Experiments were conducted at the Arable Crop Farm at the University of Science and Technology, Kumasi (6° 43’N, 1°36’W) in 1990 and 1991 to study the effects of plant population density and planting date on the growth, yield, storability and viability of two soyabean varieties TGX 539-5E, an early-maturing and TGX 297-1OF, a medium-maturing variety. The two varieties differed in their growth characteristics. While TGX 539-5E formed pods earlier reached maturity earlier and produced more seed protein, TGX 297-1OF produced more shoot dry matter owing to higher growth rates, had a longer pod / filling period and so gave a higher seed yield, and produced more seed oil as well. The densest stand of 13.5 plants/m2 produced the greatest shoot dry matter and gave the highest seed yield. The planting which was done in April produced more dry matter, higher leaf area indices, higher seed yield and more seed oil than the later planting treatments. Late plantings in August and September, however, produced seeds with higher percent emergence and higher seed protein content. The major season (April to June) plantings produced seeds with higher moisture content which appeared to have led to a more rapid loss of viability during storage. Refrigeration at about 15°C maintained the viability of the seeds for a longer period than storage at ambient temperature averaging at 30°C. Reduction in percent emergence was associated more with declining seed protein content and higher seed moisture content than seed oil content.
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A thesis submitted to the Board of Postgraduate Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of Master of Philosophy in Crop Physiology, 1994
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