Korle Bu Blood Centre, Korle Bu, Accra

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1994-09-11
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Blood transfusion therapy can be defined simply as the transplant of a liquid minor tissue from one person (the donor) to another person, (the recipient). It is also concerned with Autologous transfusion which describes any transfusion of blood or blood components that have originated from the intended recipient. A blood transfusion service is charged with the responsibility of integrating and coordinating the use of blood and blood products within a defined catchrnent area. The hospital blood bank is therefore, responsible for organisation of an adequate panel of non-enumerated blood donors, screening, testing, and processing of the blood into safe blood and blood products for the hospital. There are two methods of blood donor organisation, which are, walk-in-phlebotomy, and mobile-phlebotomy. In the developed countries, walk-in-phlebotomy forms a greater proportion of blood collection. This is due to the fact that, general awareness, interest and need to donate voluntary blood are high amongst the population. On the other hand in developing countries, where traditional beliefs, culture and perception, highly mitigate against blood donation, mobile-phlebotomy constitute a major preparation of blood collection. It is generally an accepted fact that blood transfusion therapy is more prevalent in the developed countries than the developing ones. The annual draw units of blood may however, differ from one country, to another. This depends on the population, rate of accidents, level of surgery and anaemia. The provision of blood and blood products in developed countries within the past twenty years is organised in independent minor blood banks. The blood is then sent to a major blood centre to be processed into safe blood and blood products, for distribution to all hospitals and clinics practising blood transfusion therapy within the catchment area of that blood centre. This method of blood collection and processing is not only economical but also provides a more scientific approach to donor selection, a better and more accurate way of screening, testing and processing as well as a judicious way of blood management. Five major blood centre are to be developed simultaneously over the next five years in Ghana at Accra, Kumasi, Sekondi, Tamale, and Koforidua. Individual hospital blood banks will gradually cease to exist in their present form of operation, when the system is fully developed. The choice, number and location of the blood centres have been determined taking into consideration, the blood requirements of the clinics and hospitals
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A thesis submitted to the Board of Postgraduate Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Science in Architecture, 1994
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