Informal Relations and its effects on Industrial Organizations (A study of the Coca-Cola Bottling Company And Ghana Breweries Limited)

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2011-06-19
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Abstract
The defining characteristics of every organization are the structures, objectives and its people of which the “people” are the most important. Whenever a set of people gets together and starts interacting on a long term basis, they start to form an informal group. The formal organizations are therefore not really formal when human beings interact with each other over a long period of time; they develop a social structure that is only partly based on the formal organizational structure. Through informal relations, members of an organization can develop their own norms and goals that may counter or complement the objectives of the formal structure. The objective of this study was to identify the possible effects of informal relations on organizations and The Coca-Cola Bottling Company and Ghana Breweries Limited both in the Kumasi Metropolis were selected for the study. Social survey was the design used for this study. Two departments, the production department and the administrative departments were selected through stratified sampling technique. These constituted the population units for the study. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select the sample. In addition, purposive sampling technique which is a non-probability sampling technique was used to select various supervisors at the two departments. The population universe was 520 workers. Out of this, 200 workers were selected as sample size. The data used for this study included both primary and secondary. Questionnaire with both open-ended and close-ended questions was used to collect the primary data. In terms of analyzing the data collected, both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis were used. In conclusion, it must be emphasized that informal relation is a natural, social and psychological need of workers and therefore it is the responsibility of astute managers to study the informal group in order to discover ways in which the interests of informal groups can blend with the interest of the formal organization for higher productivity.  
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A Thesis submitted to the Department of Sociology and Social Work,Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of degree in Master of Arts in Sociology.
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