Germination responses as influenced by varying oil and protein contents of nine soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) genotypes stored under two storage environments

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2012
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Experiments were set up to assess varietal differences on the effects of the oil and protein contents on the seed quality of nine soybean genotypes during storage. The samples used for the investigations were collected from three locations in Ghana. The seeds were of 12 % moisture content and further dried to a moisture content of 8%. The seeds were initially tested for germination, oil and protein contents and then packaged and stored at ambient temperature of 27ºC±3/79.6%RH and cold room of 15ºC±3/65%RH for 120 days. A 9×4×2 factorial experiment was used for the storage trial. Samplings were carried out every 30 days until 120 days in storage to determine the viability of each genotype over time using standard germination tests. The results indicated that genotypes with higher protein contents were found to have lower oil contents. Genotype Nangbaare had the highest initial protein content (42.03%) and TGX-1834-5E had the lowest protein (39.29) while genotypes 1904-6F and Sallintuya 1 had the highest (13.06%) and lowest (8.40%) initial oil contents respectively. Storage period was observed to influence the germination potential of the genotypes; as storage period increased the germination percentages declined. Among the variables studied, oil content and storage period together were observed to have significant effects on the viability and this was indicated by reduced germination potential and shrinking of the seeds of genotypes with higher oil content. Only seeds stored with moderate oil contents and higher protein contents maintained higher germination potential throughout the 120 days of storage. The effects of storage temperatures were also observed on the genotypes. Differences among genotypes under the two storage environmental conditions in all of the parameters (Germination percentage, vigour index, and seedling dry weight) were significant. Genotype (Anidaso (C) stored in cold room recorded the highest germination percentage of 93.81% while genotype TGX-1904-6F kept under ambient condition had the lowest germination percentage of 72.19%. However, the differences were not significant.
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A Thesis submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Seed Science and Technology
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