Use of Surrogate Reference Standards in Quantitative HPLC Analysis of Ciprofloxacin Tablet and Infusion

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2013-12-12
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In the search for an alternative means of analyzing Ciprofloxacin tablet and infusion, a simple and rapid high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed. This procedure involved the use of Benzoic acid and Salicylic acid as surrogate reference standards. The assay of Ciprofloxacin tablet and infusion employed a C-18 phenomenex 300 x 3.9mm reverse phase column with an isocratic mixture of methanol: water: phosphate buffer ,of pH-3 ,(50:45:5) at a flow rate of 1.5ml/min. The analysis was carried out at a wavelength of 239nm to provide good separation and intensity of the peaks for each compound. The mean retention times of Ciprofloxacin, Benzoic acid and Salicylic acid were 2.68±0.20, 4.44±0.15 and 4.69±0.15 minutes. When Benzoic acid was used as a surrogate standard the constant K obtained was 0.3921±0.008, with percentage contents of 99.99±0.53, 95.90±0.48, 97.85±0.62, 99.06±0.64 and 96.79±0.62 for the five brands of Ciprofloxacin tablets. Similarly when Salicylic acid was employed as a surrogate reference standard the k value obtained was 0.4602±0.010 yielding percentage contents of 100.35±0.34, 96.90±0.19, 96.50±0.27, 97.81±0.50 and 95.83±0.68 for the different brands of tablets. In the assay of the Ciprofloxacin infusions using Benzoic acid as surrogate standard percentage contents of 96.89±0.53, 100.17±0.68, 95.58±0.37 and 95.60±0.38 were obtained whereas salicylic acid as surrogate standard gave 96.64±0.58, 100.04±0.52, 96.54±0.36 and 97.37 ±0.29. The results obtained from the developed method were statistically comparable with the standard method except for two brands. The method showed adequate precision, with relative standard deviations less than 2% in each case. The method developed in this study was robust and linear within the working range and could be used for the quantitative analyses of Ciprofloxacin tablets and infusions.
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A thesis submitted to the School of Graduate Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of Master of Philosophy in Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
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