Artisanal Fishing and Livelihoods in Kwahu-North District, Ghana

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Date
2013-11-21
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Abstract
Fishing forms a major economic activity and source of livelihood among communities dotted along the Volta Lake in Ghana. It is undertaken on a small scale, artisanal basis, leading to low returns and inability to break out of the poverty trap. The major players in the artisanal fishing, namely, fishermen, processors and mongers experience a wide range of challenges which make it difficult for them to make ends meet and provide for themselves and their dependants. The research examines the artisanal fishing and livelihoods along the Volta Lake in the Kwahu-North District. The study also examined livelihood activities of the key people involved in artisanal fishing and how their positions along the fish production value-chain affected their well being. Both qualitative and quantitative analytical procedures were used. The general characteristics of the fisher groups were examined. Various hazards, constraints and fishing methods were investigated. A combination of stratified random sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used to select a total of 194 respondents from four communities in the district. Methods of data collection included questionnaires, focused group discussions, and direct observation. Difficulty in acquiring hired labour accounted for the use of child labour. Smoking was the most common mode of processing fish. Poor saving habit was identified among the fishers. Both short and long term measures were put forward for improving the livelihood situation of the fishers. Institutions like VRA, MoF, FD, VBRP and the Government should also play a major role through financial and technical assistance in improving livelihood conditions of the fishers. Finally, the Fishery Law must be enforced with the full participation of the fishers. This will ensure sustainability of the fishing industry.
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A Thesis submitted to the Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy,.
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