Browsing by Author "Ocloo, Augustine"

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    Hydro-ethanol extract of Holarrhena foribunda stem bark exhibits anti-anaphylactic and anti-oedematogenic efects in murine models of acute infammation
    (BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 2022-03-19) Antwi, Stephen; Oduro‑Mensah, Daniel; Darko Obiri, David; Osafo, Newman; Opoku Antwi, Aaron; Owusu Ansah, Helena; Ocloo, Augustine; Okine, Laud K. N.‑A.
    Background: Holarrhena foribunda (G.Don) T.Durand & Schinz stem bark has anecdotal use in Ghanaian folk medi‑ cine for the management of infammatory conditions. This study was conducted to investigate the in vivo anti-infam‑ matory activity of the bark extract using models of acute infammation in male Sprague Dawley rats, C57BL/6 mice and ICR mice. Methods: A 70% hydro-ethanol extract of the stem bark (HFE) was evaluated at doses of 5–500 mg/kg bw. Local ana‑ phylaxis was modelled by the pinnal cutaneous anaphylactic test. Systemic anaphylaxis or sepsis were modeled by compound 48/80 or lipopolysaccharide, respectively. Clonidine-induced catalepsy was used to investigate the efect on histamine signaling. Anti-oedematogenic efect was assessed by induction with carrageenan. Efects on mediators of biphasic acute infammation were studied using histamine and serotonin (early phase) or prostaglandin E2 (late phase). Results: HFE demonstrated anti-infammatory and/or anti-oedematogenic activity comparable to standard doses of aspirin and diclofenac (inhibitors of cyclooxygenases-1 and -2), chlorpheniramine (histamine H1-receptor antagonist), dexamethasone (glucocorticoid receptor agonist), granisetron (serotonin receptor antagonist) and sodium cromogly‑ cate (inhibitor of mast cell degranulation). All observed HFE bioactivities increased with dose. Conclusions: The data provide evidence that the extract of H. foribunda stem bark has anti-anaphylactic and antioedematogenic efects; by interfering with signalling or metabolism of histamine, serotonin and prostaglandin E2 which mediate the progression of infammation. The anti-infammatory and antihistaminic activities of HFE may be relevant in the context of the management of COVID-19.