Browsing by Author "Otoo, Obed Kojo"

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    Breast imaging reporting and data system for sonography: Positive and negative predictive values of sonographic features in Kumasi, Ghana
    (Elseviere, 2024-04) Badu-Peprah, Augustina; Otoo, Obed Kojo; Amamoo, Mansa; Quarshie, Frank; Adomako, Benjamin; 0000-0003-0979-4006
    Background: Breast cancer is the most common female cancer globally. The method of choice for screening and diagnosing breast cancer is mammography, which is not widely available in Ghana as compared to ultraso nography. This study aimed to evaluate the sonographic features of solid breast lesions using the new sono graphic Breast Imaging- Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS-US) lexicon for malignancy with histopathology as the gold standard. Methods: This was a prospective quantitative study that sonographically scanned female patients with breast masses and consecutively selected cases recommended for core biopsy from May 2018 to May 2021. Sixty (60) solid breast masses were described using the sonographic BI-RADS lexicon features. Lesion description and bi opsy results from histopathology were compared and analyzed using Pearson’s Chi-square test. Odds ratios, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were also calculated. Statistical significance level was set at p ≤0.05. Results: Irregular shape (p < 0.0001), spiculated mass margins (p < 0.0001), and not parallel mass orientation (p = 0.0007) were more commonly associated with malignant masses. The sensitivity of breast ultrasound for malignancy was 93.9 % and the specificity was 55.6 % with an overall accuracy rate of 76.6 %. The negative predictive value was 88.7 % and the positive predictive value was 72.1 %. Descriptors like irregular shape, non parallel orientation, angular and spiculated margins, echogenic halo, and markedly hypoechoic internal content, demonstrated higher odds ratios for malignancy. Conclusions: This study adds valuable insights to the diagnosis of breast cancer using the sonographic BI-RADS lexicon features. The results demonstrate that specific sonographic descriptors can effectively differentiate be tween benign and malignant breast masses.