Browsing by Author "Seidu, Baba"

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    A comprehensive cost-effectiveness analysis of control of maize streak virus disease with Holling’s Type II predation form and standard incidence
    (Elsevier, 2022-06) Seidu, Baba; Asamoah, Joshua Kiddy K.; Wiah, Eric Neebo; Ackora-Prah, Joseph; 0000-0002-7066-246X
    Maize streak virus disease, caused by the maize streak virus, has been identified as severe vector-borne disease in Africa. In most regions of the continent, the disease is generally uncontrolled, and in epidemic years, it contributes to massive yield losses and famine. We propose a Holling-type predation functional response to explore the disease transmission. We show the sensitivity indices of various embedded parameters in the basic reproduction number. To illustrate the dynamics of the disease of the maize–leafhopper interaction, we perform a numerical simulation, and the results are graphically displayed. Incorporating four control methods (infection control, predation control, removal of infected maize plants, and insecticide application) into the basic model yields an optimal control issue. We used the Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio technique to evaluate the most cost-effective combination of the four controls. We notice that the most cost-effective strategy combines the simultaneous adoption of the four controls.
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    Fractal-Fractional Caputo Maize Streak Virus Disease Model
    (MDPI, 2023-02) Ackora-Prah, Joseph; Seidu, Baba; Okyere, Eric; Asamoah, Joshua Kiddy K.; 0000-0002-7066-246X
    Maize is one of the most extensively produced cereals in the world. The maize streak virus primarily infects maize but can also infect over 80 other grass species. Leafhoppers are the primary vectors of the maize streak virus. When feeding on plants, susceptible vectors can acquire the virus from infected plants, and infected vectors can transmit the virus to susceptible plants. However, because maize is normally patchy and leafhoppers are mobile, leafhoppers will always be foraging for food. Therefore, we want to look at how leafhoppers interact on maize farms using Holling’s Type III functional response in a Caputo fractal-fractional derivative sense. We show that the proposed model has unique positive solutions within a feasible region. We employed the Newton polynomial scheme to numerically simulate the proposed model to illustrate the qualitative results obtained. We also studied the relationship between the state variables and some epidemiological factors captured as model parameters. We observed that the integer-order versions of the model exaggerate the impact of the disease. We also observe that the increase in the leafhopper infestation on maize fields has a devastating effect on the health of maize plants and the subsequent yield. Furthermore, we noticed that varying the conversion rate of the infected leafhopper leads to a crossover effect in the number of healthy maize after 82 days. We also show the dynamics of varying the maize streak virus transmission rates. It indicates that when preventive measures are taken to reduce the transmission rates, It will reduce the low-yielding effect of maize due to the maize streak virus disease.
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    Fractal-Fractional SIRS Epidemic Model with Temporary Immunity Using Atangana-Baleanu Derivative
    (Commun. Math. Biol. Neurosci., 2022-05) Okyere, Eric; Seidu, Baba; Nantomah, Kwara; Asamoah, Joshua Kiddy K.; 0000-0002-7066-246X
    The basic SIRS deterministic model is one of the powerful and important compartmental modeling frameworks that serve as the foundation for a variety of epidemiological models and investigations. In this study, a nonlinear Atangana-Baleanu fractal-fractional SIRS epidemiological model is proposed and analysed. The model’s equilibrium points (disease-free and endemic) are studied for local asymptotic stability. The existence of the model’s solution and its uniqueness, as well as the Hyers-Ulam stability analysis, are established. Numerical solutions and phase portraits for the fractal-fractional model are generated using a recently constructed and effective Newton polynomial-based iterative scheme for nonlinear dynamical fractal-fractional model problems. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that fractal-fractional dynamic modeling is a very useful and appropriate mathematical modeling tool for developing and studying epidemiological models.
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    Optimal strategies for control of cholera in the presence of hyper-infective individuals
    (Elsevier, 2023-09) Seidu, Baba; Wiah, Eric N.; Asamoah, Joshua Kiddy K.; 0000-0002-7066-246X
    primary site of infection being the small intestine. The disease typically spreads through contaminated water and food and becomes more pronounced in areas with poor sanitation and inadequate access to clean drinking water. Cholera infection can lead to severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and death if left untreated. Individuals with low personal hygiene have higher chances of spreading and/or contracting the disease. This study aims to propound a non-linear deterministic model to study the dynamics of cholera in the presence of two groups of individuals based on their level of personal hygiene. We categorize these individuals into low-risk and high-risk to describe individuals with good personal hygiene and those with very low personal hygiene, respectively. The model is shown to have two mutually exclusive fixed points, namely, the cholera-free and the cholera-persistent equilibria, indicating the presence of forward bifurcation. It is shown that restriction of the basic reproduction number below unity guarantees local asymptotic stability of the cholera-free fixed point. The immigration rate, rate of disinfection, bacteria ingestion rate, and bacterial shedding rate are parameters with a higher impact on cholera spread. Optimal control analysis is also used to determine the most cost-effective combination of infection control, adherence to sanitation protocols, treatment control, and bacterial-shedding controls needed to control the spread of cholera.
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    Threshold quantities and Lyapunov functions for ordinary differential equations epidemic models with mass action and standard incidence functions
    (Elsevier, 2023-03) Seidu, Baba; Makinde, Oluwole D.; Asamoah, Joshua Kiddy K.; 0000-0002-7066-246X
    This paper presents a novel algebraic method for the construction of Lyapunov functions to study global stability of the disease-free equilibrium points of deterministic epidemic ordinary differential equation models with mass action and standard incidence functions. The method is named as Jacobian-Determinant method. In our method, a direct algebraic procedure that also relies only on determinant of the Jacobian matrix of the infected subsystem is developed to determine a threshold quantity, ′ 0 akin to the basic reproduction number, 0 of such class of models. The developed technique is applied on a wide variety of models to construct Lyapunov functions to study the global stability of the infection-free critical points. Further, implementation of our method reveals that the threshold quantity is the same as (or the square) of the basic reproduction numbers as obtained using the next-generation matrix method. It is further observed that even for models that do not use the standard or mass action incidence, the threshold quantity is still related to the basic reproduction numbers as obtained with the next-generation matrix method.