Insect infestation and quality deterioration of some animal feedstuffs in storage
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Date
1983-04-16
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Abstract
The susceptibilities of white maize and yellow maize to Sitophilus zeamais (Motsch); of rice bran, maize bran wheat bran and brewer’s dried grain to Tribolium castaneum (Herbst); of soyabean meal, copra meal and groundnut meal to Ephestia cautella (Walk.), were tested. Yellow maize was significantly more susceptible (p < 0.01) to S. zeamais than white maize. Wheat bran, maize bran and rice bran did not significantly differ (P < 0.05) in susceptibility to T. castaneum whilst brewer’s dried grain was significantly less susceptible (P<0.01) to the insect than any of the others. The susceptibility of the oilseed meals to E. cautella was in the order: soyabean meal>copra meal> groundnut meal (p<0.01).
Changes in insect population and in quality of infested and un- infested feedstuffs stored for one, three, six and nine months under laboratory conditions were studied using the test feedstuffs and insects above and then fish meal infested with Dermestes maculatus (Degeer). Throughout the test period, no significant increase was observed in the number of insects originally introduced into brewer’s dried grain and. groundnut meal and also no adults emerged from the pupae produced in fish meal. Mite contamination 4as observed in only the infested yellow maize and white maize and the infested and uninfested fish meal. Hea.ing occurred in only the infested yellow maize and white maize from the third to the ninth month and the infested and uninfested fish meal in the first month. Changes in colour and odour were noted in only the samples and extracted oil of the infested yellow maize and white maize and the infested and uninfested fish meal from the third to the ninth month. Apart from the moisture content of the uninfested copra meal which reduced and that of all the samples of brewer’s dried grain which remained unchanged in storage, the moisture content of the infested and uninfected samplen of all the feedstuffs increased with times. Of the percent proximate nutrient contents, only the crude fibre content of all the test samples, the crude protein content of the infested and uninfested rice bran, maize bran, brewer’s dried grain and wheat bran and the uninfested yellow maize and white maize, and the ash content of all the test samples but fish meal did not significantly change in storage.
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A thesis submitted to the Board of Postgraduate Studies, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the Degree of Master of Science in Entomology, 1983