Aetiological agents of pneumonia among HIV and non-HIV infected children in Ghana: A case-control study

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dc.contributor.authorOwusu, Michael
dc.contributor.authorAdu, Eric
dc.contributor.authorKalu, , Lotenna Elsie
dc.contributor.authorMartey, Eugene
dc.contributor.authorAcheampong, Godfred
dc.contributor.authorEnimil, Anthony
dc.contributor.authorAppiah, John Adabie
dc.contributor.authorBadu-Peprah, Augustina
dc.contributor.authorSylverken, Justice
dc.contributor.authorSylverken, Augustina Angelina
dc.contributor.authorNguah, Samuel Blay
dc.contributor.authorWesteel, Emilie
dc.contributor.authorPouzol, Stephane
dc.contributor.authorDrosten, Christian
dc.contributor.authorAdu-Sarkodie, Yaw
dc.contributor.orcid0000-0003-0979-4006
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-28T13:39:23Z
dc.date.available2024-10-28T13:39:23Z
dc.date.issued2024-03
dc.descriptionThis article is published by Plos One and is also available at DOI: 10. 17605/OSF.IO/827TG (link: https://osf.io/827tg/).
dc.description.abstractPneumonia is the leading cause of death in children, however, the microbial aetiology of pneumonia is not well elucidated in low- and middle-income countries. Our study was aimed at determining the microbial aetiologies of childhood pneumonia and associated risk factors in HIV and non-HIV infected children. We conducted a case-control study that enrolled chil dren with pneumonia as cases and non-pneumonia as controls from July 2017 to May 2020. Induced sputum and blood samples were investigated for microbial organisms using stan dard microbiological techniques. DNA/RNA was extracted from sputum samples and tested for viral and bacterial agents. Four hundred and four (404) subjects consisting of 231 (57.2%) cases and 173 (42.8%) controls were enrolled. We identified a significant (p =0.011) proportion of viruses in cases (125; 54.1%, 95%CI: 47.4–60.7) than controls (71;33.6%, 95%CI: 33.6–48.8) and these were mostly contributed to by Respiratory Syncytial Virus. Staphylococcus aureus (16; 4.0%), Klebsiella spp. (15, 3.7%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (8, 2.0%) were the main bacterial agents identified in sputum or induced spu tum samples. HIV infected children with viral-bacterial co-detection were found to have verysevere pneumonia compared to those with only viral or bacterial infection. Indoor cooking (OR = 2.36; 95%CI:1.41–3.96) was found to be associated with pneumonia risk in patients. This study demonstrates the importance of various microbial pathogens, particularly RSV, in contributing to pneumonia in HIV and non-HIV paediatric populations. There is a need to accelerate clinical trials of RSV vaccines in African populations to support improvement of patient care
dc.description.sponsorshipKNUST
dc.identifier.citationPLoS ONE 19(3): e0299222. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.029922
dc.identifier.uri10.1371/journal.pone.0299222
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir.knust.edu.gh/handle/123456789/15895
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherplos one
dc.titleAetiological agents of pneumonia among HIV and non-HIV infected children in Ghana: A case-control study
dc.typeArticle
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