Antibody screening tests variably overestimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among HIV-infected adults in Ghana

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dc.contributor.authorKing, S.
dc.contributor.authorAdjei-Asante, K.
dc.contributor.authorAppiah, L.
dc.contributor.authorAdinku, D.
dc.contributor.authorPhillips, Richard Odame
dc.contributor.authoret. al
dc.date.accessioned2020-01-09T15:38:24Z
dc.date.accessioned2023-04-19T01:41:40Z
dc.date.available2020-01-09T15:38:24Z
dc.date.available2023-04-19T01:41:40Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.descriptionAn article published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and available at doi:10.1111/jvh.12354en_US
dc.description.abstractHIV coinfection with HCV has been poorly studied in sub-Saharan Africa, and the reliability of available seroprevalence estimates remains uncertain. The study aim was to determine HCV RNA prevalence in HIV-infected subjects receiving care in Kumasi, Ghana, and relate the findings to HCV antibody detection. From a population of 1520 HIV-infected adults, all HBsAg-positive subjects (n = 236) and a random subset of HBsAg-negative subject (n = 172) were screened for HCV RNA using pooled plasma; positive samples were genotyped by core and NS5B sequencing. HCV antibodies were detected by three commercial screening assays and confirmed by the line immunoassay. HCV RNA was detected in 4/408 subjects (1.0%, 95% confidence interval 0.0–1.9%), comprising 3/ 236 (1.3%; 0.0–2.8%) HBsAg-positive and 1/172 (0.6%; 0.0–1.8%) HBsAg-negative subjects. HCV RNA-positive subjects showed reactivity in all three antibody screening assays. Among HCV RNA-negative subjects, 5/67 (7.5%), 5/67 (7.5%) and 19/67 (28.4%) showed antibody reactivity by each screening assay, respectively, including two (3.0%) with reactivity by all three assays. Only one sample (1.5%) had confirmed antibody reactivity by line immunoassay indicating past HCV infection. HCV-positive subjects (three males, two females) were aged 30–46 years, by questionnaire-based interview reported surgical procedures and blood transfusion as risk factors for infection. HCV genotypes were 2 (subtypes 2j, 2l, 2k/unassigned) and 1 (subtype unassigned). Without further testing, HCV antibody screening assays variably overestimated HCV prevalence among HIV-infected subjects in Ghana. These findings inform the interpretation of previous seroprevalence estimates based upon screening assays alone.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipKNUSTen_US
dc.identifier.citationJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 2015, 22, 461–468en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://ir.knust.edu.gh/handle/123456789/11876
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons Ltden_US
dc.subjectAfrica, antibody, genotype, RNA, serologyen_US
dc.titleAntibody screening tests variably overestimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection among HIV-infected adults in Ghanaen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
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