Pesticide residues in water, sediment and fish from Tono Reservoir and their health risk implications
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Date
2016-12-01
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Springer International Publishing
Abstract
Levels of organochlorine (OC) and organophosphorus (OP) pesticide residues in fish,
sediments and water and their health risk associated with the consumption of the
fish from the Tono Reservoir, Ghana were evaluated. The analytical methods included
solvent extraction of the pesticide residues using ultrasound sonication and soxhlet
extraction and their subsequent quantification using GC equipped with electron
capture detector and pulse flame photometric detector after clean-up on activated
silica gel/anhydrous sodium sulphate. A total of 29 pesticides comprising 16 OCs and
13 OPs were analyzed, out of which aldrin, p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDD were detected in
fish and sediment samples. The results showed that all the residues in water had their
concentrations below the detection limit. Mean concentrations of organochlorine
pesticide (OCP) residues in fish ranged from 0.017 to 0.17, 0.043 to 0.30, 0.027 to 0.243
and 0.097 to 0.263 μg/g in Sarotherodon galilaeus, Clarias anguillaris, Schilbe intermedius
and Marcusenius senegalensis respectively. Mean concentrations of organophosphates
pesticides ranged from 0.080 to 0.090, 0.080 to 0.087 and 0.050 to 0.063 μg/g in C.
anguillaris, S. intermedius and M. senegalensis respectively. The level of chlorpyrifos in
S. galilaeus was 0.160 μg/g. Mean concentrations of OCP residue in sediments ranged
from 0.047 to 0.090 μg/g. Aldrin recorded the highest level while p,p′-DDD recorded
the lowest level. The mean concentrations for all the detected residues were below
the WHO/FAO maximum residue limits. Health risk estimation revealed that aldrin in M.
senegalensis had great potential for systemic toxicity to consumers.
Description
An article published by Springer International Publishing and also available at DOI 10.1186/s40064-016-3544-z
Keywords
Bioaccumulation,, Fish,, Health risk,, Pesticides,, Toxicity
Citation
Springer International Publishing.,Akoto et al. SpringerPlus (2016) 5:1849 DOI 10.1186/s40064-016-3544-z