Browsing by Author "Appiah, Raymond Fosu"

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    Mathematical modeling of two strains tuberculosis and COVID-19 vaccination model: a co-infection study with cost-e􀀀ectiveness analysis
    (Frontier, 2024-05) Appiah, Raymond Fosu; Jin, Zhen; Yang, Junyuan; Asamoah, Joshua Kiddy K.; Wen, Yuqi; 0000-0002-7066-246X
    Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection is currently the major issue of public health in many nations, including Ghana. Therefore, to explore the e􀀀ects of the two Tuberculosis strains on COVID-19, we suggest a Tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection model. The study also provides the most economical and e􀀀ective control methods to reduce the co-infection of tuberculosis and COVID-19. Based on the behavioral patterns of the two Tuberculosis strains and COVID- 19 reproduction numbers, the stability of the co-infection model is examined. We explore the sensitivity of the parameters to examine the e􀀀ect of the drug- resistant and drug-sensitive strain of Tuberculosis on the co-infection of COVID- 19. We determine the most cost-e􀀀ective and optimal treatment strategies that aim to maximize outcomes while minimizing tuberculosis and/or COVID-19 incidences, cost-e􀀀ectiveness, and optimization approaches. The outcomes of this work contribute to a better understanding of Tuberculosis and COVID-19 epidemiology and provide insights into implementing interventions needed to minimize Tuberculosis and COVID-19 burden in similar settings worldwide.
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    Optimal control and cost‑effectiveness analysis for a tuberculosis vaccination model with two latent classes
    (Springer, 2024-08) Appiah, Raymond Fosu; Jin, Zhen; Yang, Junyuan; Asamoah, Joshua Kiddy K.; 0000-0002-7066-246X
    Tuberculosis (TB) persists as a significant public health challenge in many regions, including Ghana. Effective treatment strategies are crucial in controlling the spread of TB, particularly in populations with diverse characteristics. This study delves into designing an optimal treatment strategy for the TB vaccination model, considering two latent classes based on Ghanaian data. We estimate and analyze the parameters to study TB dynamics based on the reproduction numbers of the two latent classes. We look into how sensitive the parameters are to see the transmission dynamics of the slow latent class of TB infectious with drug-sensitive strains and the rapid latent class of TB infectious with drug-resistant strains. Using optimal control theory techniques, we devise an optimal control strategy with a cost–benefit analysis to minimize TB incidence and maximize vaccination coverage within budget constraints. This strategy aims to guide policymakers in allocating resources efficiently to control the spread of TB. The results of this work give in-depth knowledge about the dominance of the two strains of TB transmission and provide insights into the design of effective vaccination and treatment programs. By tailoring interventions to the population's specific needs, we can work towards reducing the burden of TB worldwide.