Optimal control and cost‑effectiveness analysis for a tuberculosis vaccination model with two latent classes
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Date
2024-08
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Springer
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) persists as a significant public health challenge in many regions, including Ghana. Effective treatment
strategies are crucial in controlling the spread of TB, particularly in populations with diverse characteristics. This study
delves into designing an optimal treatment strategy for the TB vaccination model, considering two latent classes based on
Ghanaian data. We estimate and analyze the parameters to study TB dynamics based on the reproduction numbers of the two
latent classes. We look into how sensitive the parameters are to see the transmission dynamics of the slow latent class of TB
infectious with drug-sensitive strains and the rapid latent class of TB infectious with drug-resistant strains. Using optimal
control theory techniques, we devise an optimal control strategy with a cost–benefit analysis to minimize TB incidence and
maximize vaccination coverage within budget constraints. This strategy aims to guide policymakers in allocating resources
efficiently to control the spread of TB. The results of this work give in-depth knowledge about the dominance of the two
strains of TB transmission and provide insights into the design of effective vaccination and treatment programs. By tailoring
interventions to the population's specific needs, we can work towards reducing the burden of TB worldwide.
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This article is published by Springer 2024 and is also available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-024-02128-7
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Modeling Earth Systems and Environment