On the fractal-fractional Mittag-Leffler model of a COVID-19 and Zika Co-infection
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Date
2023-11
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Elsevier
Abstract
The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic in March 2020, which had a significant
impact on global health and economies. There have been several Zika outbreaks in different regions such as
Africa, Southeast Asia, and the Americas. Therefore, it is essential to study the dynamics of these two diseases,
taking into account their memory and recurrence effects. A new fractal-fractional hybrid Mittag-Leffler model
of COVID-19 and Zika co-dynamics is designed and studied to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on Zika and
vice-versa. The stability analysis of the local asymptotic type at disease-free equilibrium is conducted for the
hybrid model. The existence of unique solutions to the model is established via some fixed point results.
The fractal-fractional model is proved to be Hyers–Ulam stable. With the help of Newton polynomials, we
obtain some numerical algorithms to approximate the solutions of the fractal-fractional hybrid Mittag-Leffler
model graphically. The impact of fractional and fractal orders on the dynamics of each of the epidemiological
classes is also assessed. In addition, empirical evidence from numerical simulations suggests that implementing
measures to contain the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus can significantly contribute to the reduction of
co-infections involving the Zika virus. Therefore, it is imperative for healthcare systems to maintain a state of
constant vigilance in order to detect any atypical patterns or probable occurrences of co-infections, particularly
in areas where both diseases are widespread. Additionally, it is vital to consult the most recent directives
provided by health authorities, as our comprehension of diseases may undergo advancements over the course
of time.
Description
This article is published by Elsevier 2023 and is also available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2023.107118
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Citation
Results in Physics 55 (2023) 107118