Investigation of synergistic effects of extracts from Erythrophleum suaveolens, Azadirachta indica, and Chromolaena odorata on the durability of Antiaris toxicaria
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Date
2010-01-29
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International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation
Abstract
The service life of non-durable wood can be extended with inorganic preservatives, but several are
harmful to the environment and non-target organisms. Recently, eco-friendly types from organic sources
including plants have been used. The influence of bark extracts from Erythrophleum suaveolens and
Azadirachta indica, and leaf extract from Chromolaena odorata, singly and in combinations (all at 1.5%) was
investigated in field performance tests with non-durable Antiaris toxicaria wood. Treated and control
stakes (500 50 25 mm) were exposed for 5 years. Data included extract retention, visual durability
ratings, and mass and hardness losses. Retention was greatest for mixed E. suaveolens and C. odorata
extract and least for single E. suaveolens extract. For durability parameters, non-treated stakes performed
worse than treated ones. E. suaveolens bark-treated stakes were most durable; those treated with
mixtures containing E. suaveolens also performed well, while stakes treated with other mixtures performed
similarly to the controls, except for hardness. The mixed extracts exhibited various effects. For
retention, synergism exists between E. suaveolens and C. odorata, there was antagonism between A. indica
and C. odorata, while E. suaveolens extract reduced the retention of A. indica. Regarding durability, no
synergism existed between effects of the mixed components. However, E. suaveolens bark extract
enhanced A. indica, and C. odorata ingredients, while the effect of E. suaveolens extract was suppressed
when it was mixed with the others. These extracts are potential alternatives for inorganic preservatives,
especially E. suaveolens and its mixed extracts, as its effects enhanced the others.
Description
Article published in the International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2010
Keywords
Biodegradation, Durability, Extract, Hardness loss, Biodegradation Organic preservative
Citation
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation 64 97 103