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Barriers and facilitators to healthcare access for people with intellectual disability (PWIDS) in the Ashanti region of Ghana
(NOVEMBER, 2019) Addo, Dorcas;
People with intellectual disabilities are at higher risk of developing preventable diseases due to challenges they encounter in accessing healthcare. Such challenges have led to shorter life expectancy than the general public. The aim of this study was to assess the barriers and facilitators that influence access to healthcare services for People with Intellectual Disability (PWIDs) in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. This study was qualitative and used purposive sampling to select participants from two Intellectually Disabled Schools namely, Garden City and Life Community and Vocational School in the Asokore Mampong and Oforikrom Districts respectively. Data was collected by means of semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and unstructured observation. Findings showed that specific health needs of PWIDs included chest infections, common cold, sensory challenges and stomach infections among others. Challenges they encountered in accessing health included, among others, high cost of medication and the inability of healthcare providers to communicate effectively with PWIDs. It however emerged that the introduction of sign language in various health training institutions has contributed to positively shaping the attitude of some healthcare providers towards issues of disability and has served as a major factor that has enhanced access to health for PWIDs. The study recommends the need for some of the medications prescribed for PWIDS to be covered by the National Health Insurance Scheme. It also recommends continuous training of healthcare providers about issues of disability, especially those with2 intellectual disability as this has the potential to promote the socio-environmental understanding of disability and health care.
Barriers to effective project communication: a case Study of Adonai Shipping Chandelling Project for Tullow Ghana Limited
(2021) Dowuona-Owoo, Robert
Several projects suffer from project communication management issues including the oil exploration companies. This research was conducted with the aim of exploring the barriers to effective project communication between services companies and oil exploration companies. The objectives to the study are; to identify the communication channels employed in ship chandelling project; to determine the communication barriers in ship chandelling project; and to investigate mechanisms for enhancing effective communication in ship chandelling. Questionnaire survey was employed in this research. Out of the 123 questionnaires distributed, 111 were collected and considered valid. On the channels employed in chandelling project, the study revealed that the Staff of Adonai chandelling has largely used telephone communication medium, WhatsApp, e-mail, and text messages as means of communication. On the communication barriers in ship chandelling project, the study revealed that, inability to determine project stakeholders’ needs for information, inability to determine communication channels, insufficient interaction between team members and inappropriate communication media. Mechanisms for enhancing effective communication as found from the study include the creation of a communication process through which information must be sent and received, informing ships about new products and explains the use of the product properly, and the creation of communication strategy to enhance onshore and offshore dealings. The study recommended designing an appropriate communication model for the shipping industry in Ghana withy focus on a most of the operators in the shipping industry.
Barriers to enforcement of national building regulations by Relevant Authorities in Ghana.
(November, 2019) Quarshie, Vincent Blah;
This thesis assesses the barriers to enforcement of National Building Regulations by Relevant Authorities in Ghana. The general objective of this research was to access the barriers to the National Building Regulations enforcement by Relevant Authorities in Ghana. In all, 70 respondents were sampled for the study. Five (5) respondents who are Building Developers were sampled with snowball sampling technique while Sixty-Five (65) respondents who are Staff of the District Planning Authority of Accra Metropolitan Assembly were sampled with purposive sampling technique. The study found out that there are barriers that inhibit the enforcement of National Building Regulations in Ghana and these factors that hinders the enforcement of NBR are complexity or bureaucratic procedures and systems, corruption, Political Interference, lack of public education about the building regulations and lack of relevant education (training) for staff. Also, it is recommended that the relevant Authorities streamline permit acquisition. Also, to the District Planning Authority, it is recommended that authorities must continuously educate and train their staff as well as educate the general public on building regulations to increase awareness while seeking for external support from the security agency to ensure those who default are sanctioned to serve as a deterrent to other building developers.
Barriers to implementation of project monitoring and evaluation: A study of corporate social responsibility projects of large organisations in the Western Region
(2021-06-24) Mensah, Abraham;
Project Monitoring and Evaluation has become a central element in project management, and indeed a useful endeavor that ensures and enhances the success and impact of an intervention. However, the implementation of an effective Project Monitoring and Evaluation in organizations have been with some critical impediments. These challenges render the implementation of Project Monitoring and Evaluation ineffective and consequently affect the success of the project. This study seeks to identify the major barriers to Project Monitoring and Evaluation in the execution of Corporate Social Responsibility projects by large corporations in the Western Region. A survey was conducted to collect quantitative data with the use of a simple closed ended questionnaire. A sample of 34 people participated in the study. Descriptive statistics such as frequencies and one sample t test were employed to analyze the quantitative data. Findings from the study revealed that the absence of a Monitoring and Evaluation policy, and budgetary constraints are significant barriers to the effective implementation of Project Monitoring and Evaluation. Factors that were considered to have an influence in the implementation of Project Monitoring and Evaluation were mainly, finance and staff capacity of the performing organization. The existence of these barriers in Project Monitoring and Evaluation pose a significant threat to the success of the project. Performing organizations will fail to provide evidence of an intervention if these barriers are not resolved. Addressing these barriers would offer the project team and performing organization a positive edge to enhance outcome and impact
Collaboration in the Ghanaian construction industry: perceived barriers and benefits
(NOVEMBER 2016) Mensah, Nathaniel Kwablah
The construction industry involves high risk-taking activities that result in cost overruns, low productivity, litigation, ineffective communication and construction delays. However, the introduction of collaboration in the construction industry has been frequently used as an inventive approach towards the achievement of quality in project delivery and as a remedy for the pitfalls of the conventional approaches of procurement in the industry of construction. This is a quantitative study that was carried out in some construction firms in the Kumasi Metropolis with an aim of exploring the perceived barriers and benefits of collaboration in the Ghanaian construction industry. The primary research was conducted using design survey questionnaires. These were structured questionnaires used to obtain data to ascertain the barriers and benefits of collaboration in the Ghanaian construction industry. A total number of seventy questionnaires were administered and sixty were retrieved representing a response rate of 85.71%. Relative Importance Index rankings was the main tool used for analysis. The findings of the research revealed that fear of micromanagement, lack of common goals, complacency in collaboration, past negative experience with collaboration and lack of trust among partners were the main barriers to collaboration in the Ghanaian construction industry. However, the main benefits associated with collaboration in the Ghanaian construction industry were also disclosed as total cost perspective in collaboration, technical expertise by partners, availability of resources in collaborations, equal empowerment in collaboration and productive conflict resolution strategy. Future studies to promote collaboration in the construction industry such as strategies to improve collaboration in the construction industry were also proposed
Enablers of lean construction concept to affordable housing schemes in Ghana
(November, 2016) Kyere, Peter Kofi
The effort to provide affordable housing, reduce construction waste and increase productivity has led to the adaptation of the concept of ‘Lean Construction’. Assessing and implementing the techniques of the lean philosophy has become key for organizations in the industry of construction in the quest for incessant improvements. The challenges faced in the implementation of the government of Ghana’s affordable housing scheme coupled with the challenges in embracing and implementing the Lean Construction Concept is the main problem for this study. Consequently, the study identifies and assesses the enablers of lean construction with respect to the execution of Affordable Housing Schemes in the Ghanaian setting. The research objectives are to assess the perception of stakeholders on the concept of Affordable Housing, identify the potential barriers to the application of the Lean Construction Concept in Ghana and to identify the Enablers or Drivers of Lean Construction Concept in Affordable Housing Schemes in Ghana. A quantitative approach of data analysis involving an exploratory method of investigation was utilized in this study. A comprehensive review of literature together with questionnaire survey was undertaken among professionals in the construction industry of Ghana. The data collected were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software (SPSS v20.0) using factor analysis; Kaiser Meyer Olkin test, Bartlette’s test of Sphericity to test the reliability and adequacy of the sample of factors studied. The potential barriers to the application of lean construction were identified and were laid open to factor analysis, which yielded three (3) categories of critical barriers considered as management related, construction related as well as design related barriers. The enablers for implementing lean construction in Affordable Housing were classified into four (4) main headings, namely; Organizational Culture factors; Relational factors; Leadership and Management factors; as well as Resource, Skills and Expertise factors. In addition, the benefits of implementation of lean construction identified in literature were grouped into environmental, social and economic benefits. The research further revealed that the most significant barrier is ‘Lack of Awareness and training’, and the most significant enablers are ‘Business Plan and Vision, Management Commitment and Support’. Furthermore, the analysis derived from the questionnaire survey concluded that there are still greater number of construction stakeholders who are not aware of the Lean Construction philosophy. In addition, professionals in the built environment per the survey generally agree that Lean Construction would be beneficial to the Affordable Housing Scheme in Ghana. This research contributes to the body of knowledge by identifying success factors for lean construction concept implementation in the Affordable Housing Scheme in Ghana.
Investigating into the barriers of e-procurement at the Volta River Authority (VRA)
(2021-07-09) Dagbovie, Kelvin;
Public procurement represents one of the main components in many public organisations. Numerous researches indicate that the old ways of implementing procurement is constituted by a lot of ineffectiveness. Hence the introduction of e-procurement was intended to curb these inefficiencies. Unfortunately, e-procurement is liable to a number of challenges with hinder the smooth operation of the system. This study was conducted to investigate these barriers to e-procurement at the Volta River Authority (VRA). The objectives of the study were, to identify the status of e-procurement in terms of its implementation in Volta River Authority (V.R.A.), to identify the challenges faced with the implementation of e-procurement in Volta River Authority (V.R.A.) and to identify possible solutions to the named barriers of e-procurement in the Volta River Authority (V.R.A.). Quantitative method of collecting data was used in collecting data. Data Collected was analysed using descriptive statistics which included percentages, frequencies and mean aided by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). SPSS is an analytical too that was used in analysing the information collated. Essential results of the research established that e-procurement has a number of barriers that hinder its smooth implementation. The research revealed that factors such as poor internet connectivity, managerial interference and unskilled personnel were major challenges that affect the usage of e-procurement. The study further goes on to suggest possible solutions to these identified barriers to e-procurement at VRA. Some of these are, training procurement staff on the use of the system, improving the quality of internet connectivity and as much as possible, eliminating managerial interference from the procurement process. The research suggests that government support is very essential for the success of the system. Resources are also needed both in the technological and software aspect of procurement for training and equipping staff. The research findings suggests that constant education combined with workshops for procurement officers who find themselves involved in procurement helps to improve their skillset.
Promoting sustainable construction project financing in Ghana: Critical Drivers, Barriers and Proposed Strategies
(2021-06-09) Oppon, Anthony James;
In pursuit of achieving sustainable construction of projects, the cost of constructing such projects comes with the increased cost of the project, which poses a challenge to those who are interested in sustainable construction projects. The aim of the study was exploring strategies to promote sustainable construction project financing in Ghana. The objectives set in order to achieve the aim of the study were identifying critical drivers, critical barriers of sustainable construction project financing and important strategies of promoting sustainable construction project financing. As part of the survey research technique used, a questionnaire was used to gather the views of participants. The data collected was analysed with SPSS by conducting inferential and descriptive analysis. The following were findings of the study. The critical drivers of sustainable construction project financing identified were Ethical Investment, Reduced Life Cycle Cost, Conservation of Resources, High Return on Investment and Emerging Business Opportunity. The barriers identified to be critical were Cost Related Barriers, e.g. High upfront cost, Lack of Policy direction and Regulatory gaps, Lack of Knowledge among Professionals, Inadequate Financing Schemes, Lack of Credible Database and Insufficient Government Support. Strategies that were thought to be important to promote sustainable construction project financing were: Government Support, Training and Education, Legal Framework for Sustainable Construction, Provision of incentives, e.g. Tax grants, low interest loans and Position Financial Industry to deal with Sustainable Construction. The recommendations suggested was the setting up of a green building council to oversee the transition of infrastructure in Ghana from conventional to sustainable built infrastructures. Also, there was a need for a financial institution that will cater to the financing of the construction industry in Ghana to avoid competition with other sectors of the economy from accessing capital for sustainable construction projects.
Strategies for implementation of sustainable development in the construction industry in Ghana: case study in Nkoranza South and Sunyani East
(NOVEMBER, 2015) Effah, Peter Kwasi
Sustainable construction is very vital towards nation development. Majority of developing countries fail to critically implement sustainable construction so as to improve the development of the construction industry. This is a quantitative study which aimed at investigating the strategies for implementation of sustainable concept in the Ghanaian building industry with specific objectives of identifying the factors that act as impediment, negative effect to these impediment and develop strategies for implementation that enhance developmental projects in Ghana. Data was collected by using questionnaire survey. The purposive sampling and snowball sampling were adopted in selecting professionals in the building industry in Ghana for the study. A total number of seventy questionnaires were administered and fifty-eight were retrieved representing a response rate of 82.86%. Data collected was analyzed using mean score ranking to rank the barriers identified; negative effects of the factor and strategies for implementation of sustainable building. Furthermore, the most relevant effect of unsustainable construction practices were also disclosed as an extension of project duration, water pollution, air pollution, excessive energy and resource consumption, deforestation and global warming. The study therefore recommended that some of local building materials should be looked at and if possible improved upon to enhance construction procedures to promote their usage.

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