College of Art and Built Environment

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ICT and digital preservation of historical Data: A Study of the Africa and Culture section Department of general Art Studies, Knust
(,August,2010) Amankwa, John Opuni
Estimating the transaction cost indices of public private partnership infrastructure in Ghana (Case study of Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly)
Donkor, Eric Jimifoster
Public Private Partnership infrastructure projects have existed in the field of procurement for some time now however, it implementation in Ghana is at its early stages implying that transaction cost estimation of PPP projects are yet to be explored. The study focused on estimating Transaction Cost Indices for PPP projects undertaken in the Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly which happens to be the first of its kind in the Ashanti Region. Two supporting objectives were set to address the aim of the study, they are: firstly, identify areas that substantially contribute to transaction cost of PPP projects and secondly, estimation of transaction cost indices of PPP infrastructure projects. The study relied on data from the works department of the Kumasi Metropolitan Assembly on PPP projects concurrently on-going in four of their Sub Metropolitan Assemblies namely Subin, Tafo, Bantama and Kwadaso. They are five (5) projects in all, with most of them being shopping facilities and complexity of the projects varies. Feasibility studies cost tend to be the cost area that substantially contribute higher quota to the Transaction cost of PPP projects in the KMA. Furthermore, the study was able to come out with cost index for all the five (5) projects studied, therefore future projects can rely on the cost index as a guide on transaction cost expenses. Finally, transaction cost threshold was estimated in order to provide a ceiling of estimating the transaction cost index for projects. Therefore, it is recommended that, though private investors pay for the actual cost of the projects MMDAs can also reduce the transaction costs which are incurred during the initial stages of the project. It is recommended that further studies will consider all the Metropolitan, Municipal and District Assembly separately to come out with a transaction cost indices for the respective types of Assemblies.
National Art Gallery, Accra
(1986-06-26) Hayford, Joseph E.
This resort constitutes an essential complement to the design thesis providing the essential verbal support for the thesis development from concept to design solution. The first chapter introduced the subject of designing an art gallery, establishing the need and social role-of such a facility and the service it renders to the community. The scope of the design thesis was established here. The second and third chapters of the report dealt with the state of Ghanaian art today, an assessment of existing gallery facilities and the existing structures for the administration, finance and promulgation of the arts in Ghana. The fourth chapter discussed systems of financing artistic activity and the practical element of financing a national art gallery, its brief, what its functions, and activities will be etc. Matters of site selection and chosen site properties are presented in the fifth chapter. In chapter six, the approach for evolving an organising principle by which some conscious form can be arrived at for the art gallery is presented. This involved a detailed study of art expression in African sculpture and how this might be suitably harnessed for the purpose. Three examples of art galleries were treated as case studies in chapter seven these being preceded by a historical assessment of arg art galleries. The rest of the report was then devoted to presenting all aspects of the design solutions proposed for the national art gallery.
Aesthetic appreciation for beginning artists
(1993) Akotia, Robert Kwadaso
The essay provides an approach to aesthetic appreciation for the adolescent, who wants to take art as a profession. It focuses readership on Senior Secondary School. Others who want to enjoy art out of love will also find it useful. The need for this piece of investigate on has arisen due to the neglect and ambivalent attitude towards matters of aesthetic appreciation in beginners. The essay suggests that aesthetic problems cannot be solved in isolation but the total self perceptual, intellectual and emotional are mobilised to respond to the artwork. The discussion presents aesthetic appreciation as a skill, and needs be cultivated, to perceive and enjoy works of art. The youngster is recommended to start cultivating aesthetic flair by beautifying his environment, personally interact with natural objects and. finally appreciate a finished work of art. A pedagogic approach to judgment and criticism is suggested. Some colour symbolism, and prevailing concepts of beauty have also been hinted on.
A markup determination for building contractors in Ghana
(1999) Amoah, Peter
As builders’ estimated costs are similar the main variable in bids is the markup. But deciding on the right markup to add to an estimate is not an easy task for a contractor. The markup must be small enough to ensure a good chance of winning the contract, yet big enough to realize a reasonable profit. Studies have identified some thirty-six factors that affect markup decision in Ghana. Optimum markup determination entails the evaluation of these factors, and in Ghana building contractors are found to consider and evaluate the factors subjectively when they set markup for projects. This research sought to identify the most important factors needed for the markup determination in the competitive bidding environment and provided a suitable model for computing the optimum markup. The research comprised a questionnaire survey, supplemented with interviews, among all class Dl and a random sample of class D2 building construction firms in Ghana with the aim of identifying problems associated with the markup decision and the importance that the contractors attached to the factors that affect the markup decision. The research revealed that project cash flow, risk involved in investment and competition are the most important factors that affect markup decision and the FaRM Pricing Model is a suitable tool for the determination of the optimum markup by Ghanaian contractors.
Effects of District Assemblies Common Fund on revenue mobilisation and expenditure patterns in the District Assemblies
(2000) Boribah, Simon Yaw
The current decentralisation policy was introduced in 1988 under the PNDCL 207, principally to address the imbalances in development between rural and urban areas of the country. The whole concept of the decentralisation policy is grounded on the idea of popular participation in the decision making process. The policy saw the establishment of one hundred and ten districts. Within the framework of the policy, each district capital is expected to serve as a focal point for socio economic development of the entire district. Central government has therefore made available several sources of revenue to the district assemblies. The statutory basis for the district assemblies’ revenues is provided for under Acts of parliament including the 1992 constitution (sections 245 - 252), the Local Government Act 462 of 1993 and the District Assembly Common Fund Act 455, also of 1993. The introduction of the DACF has had some effects on the activities of the district assemblies. The aim of this study is to establish, empirically, the effects of the DACF on revenue mobilisation and expenditure patterns in the district assemblies. Amansie East and Atwima districts in Ashanti Region were randomly selected for the study. Revenue and expenditure data were collected from the sample districts to facilitate quantitative analysis of the study. Results of the study show that after the introduction of the DACF, there has been an increase in total local revenue arising mainly from lands and investment income. However, there has been a reduction in income from some important traditional sources such as rates and licences. The study also indicates that the DACF has necessitated an increase in capital / development expenditure over recurrent expenditure with greater proportion of the capital / development expenditure directed at social sector development. It was also observed that with the increasing demand for social and economic facilities or infrastructure from almost every town or village, available revenues to the district assemblies are inadequate. It was therefore recommended that the central government should increase the DACF while district assemblies also intensify their revenue mobilisation effort.
Financial sector restructuring policy and savings mobilization: a study of the Banking Sector in Ghana.
(2001) Owusu, Victor Lord
The study provided an analysis of savings mobilized by banks in Ghana during the repressed and liberalized financial periods. Specifically, the study considered overall private and public deposits mobilized by banks, dealing with demand, savings and time deposits .The percentage change during and after liberalization was calculated aimed at showing the trend in savings mobilization by banks .The percentage of public and private savings to overall savings and the percentages of demand, savings and time deposits to overall deposits were calculated. The periods of analysis were divided into three; before, during and after the implementation of the financial reforms, starting from 1981 and ending in 1999. Low savings characterized the banking sector for years before the Structural Adjustment Program, which began in 1983. Whilst foreign inflows and savings were on the increase, domestic savings mobilization continued to fall. FINSAP which began in 1987 as a component of the ERP/SAP was aimed at restructuring the financial system and eventually leading to an increase in savings in the economy in general and the banking sector in particular. Observations of real deposit rates indicate that they were negative or extremely low for most years before the implementation of the reforms. The low and fluctuating trend in savings mobilized by banks could partly be attributed to the negative deposit rates. The unorthodox monetary measures used during the repressed period affected negatively savings mobilization by banks. It was also observed that the general characteristic of savings after financial liberalization did not differ significantly from the repressed period, thus indicating the inability of the reforms in itself to increase savings mobilization without regard to other macro-economic indicators. Literature on the negative effects of financial repression particularly the works of McKinnon (1973) and Shaw (1973) were analysed. Literature on interest rates and savings behaviour led to various explanations in which there appeared no clear relationship between the two as advocated by McKinnon and Shaw in their early work on financial repression. Empirical studies were also cited to examine the impact of financial repression on savings. Other factors that affect savings, income, taxation, demographic conditions were also examined. The growth and development of the formal banking sector in Ghana was examined. Banking diffusion and the current distribution of bank branches throughout the country showed that in terms of number and institutional structure, the banking sector is relatively diverse and apparently adequate. The contribution of the informal sector in savings mobilization came under examination. An overview of the economy in general and the financial system in particular before the ERP and FINSAP was carried out. The study examined the various objectives and structure put in place for FINASP and matched these against the overall broad objectives of reforms of financial system set out by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
A comparative study of public and private schools in the provision of quality education at the basic level in urban centres in Ghana
(2002) Asiedu, Samuel
In spite of the considerable state funding and donor support to public basic schools in Ghana, trends in academic performances indicate a low level of performance in public schools. Private schools with little or no assistance from the state performed better academically than the public schools between 1996 and 2000. The study compared the private schools with the public schools with the view of finding the factors that contribute to the poor academic performances in public schools. The educational process was analyzed as a system composed of educational inputs, process, and output. Eight public and five private schools selected from two urban centres namely Sunyani and Berekum in the Brong Ahafo Region were compared. The results of the study indicated that parents’ investments and support in their children’s education were higher in the private schools than the public schools. The study also found that the parents’ investments and support were influenced by the socio-economic background of parents namely income, education, occupation and status. The physical infrastructure of the public schools especially the buildings and classrooms had deteriorated due to neglect and lack of maintenance. Teaching and learning materials in the public schools were inadequate because they depended on government free supplies. The private schools, on the other hand, had adequate textbooks and stationery as well as the teaching materials and equipment. This was due to the fact that parents bought the textbooks and stationery for their children. The proprietors also bought teaching materials and equipment for their schools In conclusion, the study suggested among other things that awareness be created for parents, chiefs and their elders, Churches, Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and the general public to support the public schools in the provision of their needs. Pupils, in public schools should be supplied with textbooks and be allowed to send them home for use The instructional time for students must be increased by increasing the length of the school term. The public school buildings should be rehabilitated to make them attractive. Parent- Teacher Association should be strengthened in the public schools to ensure parents support for the schools development.
Efficient Utilization of Timber for Formwork and Scaffold Construction: a Case Study of Construction Firms within Kumasi Metropolis
(2005-08-11) Tsorgali, Michael Korblah
This dissertation investigated how timber used for formwork and scaffold on construction sites within the Kumasi metropolis has been identified with waste. It also identifies strategies necessary to be adopted to minimise the waste. The study reflects on previous observations and research on various appropriate strategies and other relevant issues of timber formwork and scaffold construction. Samples of construction firms: D1, D2, D3 and D4 were surveyed through site visits, observation, interviews and questionnaires to identify the factors associated with the waste. Experiments were conducted on samples of some timber species to determine their strength properties and durability in the service life, and viability of such species. Development of prototype of prefabricated timber formwork and scaffold provides a possible solution to enhance economic use of timber. The main findings of the study reflected on timber usage, supply schedule of timber to the sample sites, the different construction methods being used and the subsequent destruction occurring demonstrated the seriousness of timber wastage through formwork and scaffold construction on sites. Timber consumption in this regard, constitutes a notable depletion rate of Ghana's forest resources. The study concludes that, the prototype of prefabricated timber formwork and scaffold developed and the recommendations are appropriate strategies devised to promote efficient utilization of timber in the building industry in Ghana.
Greening Accra: Lessons from Singapore
(2006-06-01) Sowah, Karen
The city of Accra, after 50 years of Ghana's independence, has an urban landscape characterized by an increasing number of free standing signature buildings without any attention to design of spaces between them...
Assessment of pictorial materials in Ghanaian pre-school education (a case study in Kumasi metropolis)
(2006-08-05) Abadzivor, Humphrey Etse
This project, Assessment of Pictorial Materials in Ghanaian Pre-School Education, (A Case Study in Kumasi Metropolis), identifies and describes the Pictorial Materials in selected Pre-Schools/ Institutions in the Kumasi Metropolis. It also assesses the suitability of the materials for Pre-School Education. An Illustrated Report on the study is presented for further research and improvement of the Pre-School Education in Ghana. It was observed that many Pictorial Materials in use in some Ghanaian Pre-Schools are not suitable for that level. They look poorly illustrated, full of abstract or adult ideas, un-sequential or the illustrations are painted with dull colours. Some of them are too small for children sitting far from them to see, full of spelling and/or grammatical errors, labeled with inappropriate letters of the Alphabet. The rest are combination of any of the above. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used; for qualitative the Pictorial Materials were described by the use of words. The relationship of each described item and the position of the children were shown. For quantitative, questionnaire and observation guide were used to collect data. These data were described by the use of figures, tables and charts. The recommendations and suggestions offer ways of meeting the challenges and difficulties in Pre-School Education section of the Ghana Education service. It is recommended that the Government of Ghana considers the following points. Three-dimensional objects should be made available at cheaper prices for the Pre-Schools to access. Simple materials such as crayons, pencils, paper, cards and erasers should be subsidized to make them accessible for all users. In-service training should be organized frequently for the Pre-School teachers to enable them update their knowledge and skills. Potential illustrators should be identified and trained so that they can provide appropriate services to the education sector. In conclusion, it is hoped that the provision of training and in-service training to artists and teachers would go a long way in providing Pre-Schools with good Pictorial Materials. It is certain that such a move can give them a firm foundation in Art—the foundation for nation building.
Evaluation of the visual art programme in the Western Region of Ghana
(2006-08-08) Quayson, Susana Akua
This thesis aimed at evaluating the Visual Art programme in the Western Region of Ghana and was concentrated within Shama Ahanta East Metropolitan Assembly (SAEMA) and the three Wasa districts, namely, Wassa West, Wasa Amenfi East and Wasa Amenfi West districts. It was to ascertain whether the programme was offered in the selected SSS; the subjects taught whether syllabuses were covered, the facilities or human and material resources available to the programme, and how society upholds to the programme. The research started with review of related literature and discussed information from the various books. The researcher conducted a survey in the selected SSS visual art departments, assessing the quality of the programme. The lapses of the programme were analysed and suggestions made for improvement of the quality of the programme. Students, teachers and heads of selected institutions answered questionnaires, they were interviewed and observed to assess the teaching and learning, infrastructure, logistics, patronage or social recognition, general students’ responses; performances both internally and externally, general atmosphere and perceptions about the programme. It was realised the programme is not pursued in most of the schools in the region. The only district where most of the schools offered VAP is SAEMA. Most schools do not have good facilities to qualify them for the running of the programme. The study conducted within the Wasa districts revealed only one school offered the programme and there were some lapses in the organisation of visual art in that school. Emphasis was on the teaching of Textiles and Graphic Design with other subjects not given much attention. Though, there were marked differences in between the parents and students from urban and rural setups, certain conditions seemed the same. Discrimination against VAP was paramount in the SSS as a result, members were disillusioned and these influenced students to swap programmes. In all circumstances, the best candidates hardly found their way to VAP, but wonderfully they succeed in their numbers to boast the images of the various schools. Lack of textbooks is one of the main problems confronting this programme which equally lacks sponsorship from major education stakeholders. Inadequate facilities, coupled with the absence of orientation disenable effective academic work with a grave absence of foundation at the basic level. In view of these, some urban students were surcharged each term whiles rural parents and their wards complained bitterly of the financial demanding nature of the programme as they fish out for their logistics individually. Though the current syllabuses is in use in all schools, there is no proper organisation of the programme like workshops and seminars to expose teachers to new trends, let alone cope with difficult aspects of the programme. Teachers faced with peculiar problems concerning their daily delivery had nowhere to resolve their problems since the mother organisation: Ghana Art Teachers Association (GATA) was not operational within the region. This has made the teaching of visual art decentralised at school levels.
Assessment of linkages between the JSS Pre-Vocational Skills Programme and the SSS Visual Arts Programmes: A Case Study Of Selected Schools in Akwapim South District of Eastern Region, Ghana.
(2006-08-10) Tawiah, Vernon Nyame
School education in Ghana has undergone many transformations. One of the major ones of our time is the Education Reform of 1987. One of the pillars of these reforms is to develop the need to recognise Technical and Vocational Education. Secondly to improve upon the teaching and learning of the programmes. Finally to improve the linkages between the JSS Pre-Vocational Skills and SSS Visual Arts programmes. In spite of these objectives there appears to be a gap between the JSS Pre- Vocational Skills and SSS Visual Arts programmes. The researcher therefore investigated the problems associated with the gap between the JSS Pre-Vocational Skills and SSS Visual Arts programmes in three (3) out of five (5) SSS in Akwapim South district, namely Adonten Secondary School, Saint Martins Secondary School, Aburi Secondary Technical School and forty (40) out of seventy- one (71) JSS in the Akwapim South District. Questionnaire were designed and administered to sample opinions from two hundred (200) Students, eight (8) Visual Arts Teachers and forty (40) Pre- Vocational Skills teachers from selected Schools in the district for the study. Findings made include: 1. Lack of qualified professional Art teachers to teach the Art related subjects in Pre- Vocational Skills at the JSS level. 2. Lack of Studios, teaching and learning materials to help promote the basic training in the JSS Pre-Vocational Skills and SSS Visual Arts programmes in the district. 3. Lack of linkages between the JSS Pre-Vocational Skills and the SSS Visual Arts programmes studied by students. ii Recommendations made were that emphasis should be made in the teaching of Art related Vocations in the JSS, more qualified professional Art Teachers should be posted to the JSS to teach the Art related courses in the Pre-Vocational Skills; the various vocations offered in the SSS should be offered directly in the JSS and basic Visual Art skills should be introduced at the JSS for pupils to prepare them for the SSS Visual Arts Course.
Professionalism in teaching at selected departments of KNUST: enhancement of quality education
(2006-08-12) Yeboah, Richmond Kwabena Brobbey
Every society wants to develop its human resources and potentials to enhance total growth. Teachers in the Universities are of the idea that their main method of teaching is to lecture but not to undergo strict compliance with the selection of appropriate method of teaching. Generally, lecturing is one of the methods of teaching and the need to undergo professional teachers' training to know the pedagogical training of teaching is inevitable. There is no need to bring University Teacher to the classroom to be trained how to teach. This research was intended to identify professional teachers in the KNUST to know whether to make any recommendations for more professional teachers; assessment of lecturers' performance and to make curriculum framework for the introduction of professional teacher's course in the KNUST. The Researcher adopted the Qualitative and Quantitative research methods to collect, compile and analyze information for the possible solution by training more professional teachers in KNUST. The researcher quotes Vol. 2, of the 2005 QAPU report (quality Assurance and Strategic Planning Unit of KNUST) in Students' evaluation of courses and Lecturers in the first and second semesters of 2003 - 2004 Academic Year. « Views from selected lecturers indicated that professional training of lecturers in KNUST is inevitable and that aspiring lecturers should first undergo professional teachers' course before they are appointed. Even though most of the lecturers did not respond to the questionnaire, it was found out that relatively few of the lecturers in KNUST were professional teachers who were trained as teachers in Teachers Training Colleges or had undergone professional teachers' courses organized by KNUST as short courses. It is recommended that the KNUST, in consultation with the Department of Art Education should make provision for the proper teaching procedure to be planted for better results which will enhance acceptable growth in KNUST which is quite of age.
Remodeling of the Baptist Children's Orphanage. (Trotor, In Southern Ghana)
(2007-05-11) Boye, Nii Adjetey
(social welfare of Ghana, 2005). In present times a number of factors have lead to the ineffectiveness of the role of the extended families. Mortality during the past times was low since it was usually as a result of female mortality during birth or as a result of health problems beyond their medication. The number of children who lost their parents were not many and could be catered for by their extended family members. With the present trend of life style, especially with the emergence of the information and communication technology, means of transportation, the upsurge of HIV/AIDS and, mobility or mortality rate among child bearing women more lives are lost cumulatively over a very few years as compared to the various world war eras in Ghana. These are some of the reasons more orphans are getting into the system than ever. If this situation is not check by creating well organized institutions to complement the broken down traditional systems and present life style, most of these children will become burden to society. This thesis seeks to investigate by data collection and analysis, factors which impact on the establishment of orphanages in Ghana and the fundamentals of the scientific principle for establishing an orphanage under modern prevailing conditions. It looks at the town and country planning principle for citing orphanages, most progressive spatial planning conditions for a typical orphanage in order to determine the nomenclature or type of orphanages and also to determine the specifics of the climate requirement on the orphanages. The whole study was done with the use of qualitative and humanistic approach toward orphanages, 'phenomenology' (Jackson and Smith 1984). It was found out that though there are specific regulations governing the minimum spatial requirement for eachenCol">description provenance Submitted by Richard Lamptey (phanerosis75@yahoo.com) on 2011-08-11T21:00:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KNUST Library.pdf: 7257 bytes, checksum: 649cf3199c3e426ac59d46e128b7b99e (MD5)
Towards an appreciation of symphonic music: the role of the performing theatre
(2007-05-24) Hagan, Gabriel Acquaah
Sound quality is a fundamental requirement in performing theatre and auditorium designs. Over the last century, a lot of progress has been made in the study of acoustics in relation to performing theatres. Most, if not all, have revealed that acoustics depends to some extent on the geometry of the space under consideration. This dissertation discusses the relationship between geometry, objective parameters such as finishing materials, volume etc. and sound quality in performing theatres. It studies the development of theatre designs over the last century and reveals that for a hall, designed primarily for symphony orchestra musical concerts, to fulfill its function well it must be conceived partly as a musical instrument, like the box of a violin or the sound board of a piano. It concludes that every good performing theatre or auditorium requires more than ordinary architectural design skills; it should solve not only acoustics but also the functional problems of comfort and sightlines as well as the problem of visual coherence, all of which revolves around the shape or geometry of the enclosed space.
The New Kaleo-Naa's Palace at Kaleo, Upper West Region, Ghana; an Emblem of Dagaaba Traditional Architecture
(2007-05-24) Anzagira, Lee Felix
A palace is the official residence of a chief, the traditional administrative head of a village. The palace primarily provides accommodation for the chief as well as space for activities related to the traditions and culture of the people. In many villages in Northern Ghana, the disposition of the palace reflects the eminence, power and respect the chief commands. It also is a mark of how much significance the people attach to the traditions. The Kaleo Naa's Palace as the largest building in the area shall be a masterpiece of Dagaaba heritage revival architecture, ranking among the best examples in the Sub-Saharan Africa. The Palace shall illustrate regionalism in totality: use of on-site or locally available materials; harmony with the surrounding landscape; strong ties to local architectural traditions; and the appearance of having been constructed by native craftsmen using primitive tools This thesis therefore describes in detail the creation processes of this Dagaaba heritage resource and dwelling place of the Paramount Chief of the Kaleo Traditional Area, Naa Bananwini Sandu II and which is opened to people of all traditions and cultures; indigenes, tourists and the public in general.
Achieving Quality Education in Ghana: the Role of Ghana’s Publishing Industry
(2007-07-11) Boakye - Amponsah, Abraham
One of the major stumbling blocks in the delivery of quality education in the country is shortage or unavailability of textbooks. Until the establishment of Ghana Publishing Corporation, government relied mainly on foreign books. The indigenous publishing industry has a role to play in achieving quality education. Quality education begins with an adequate number of schools, books, pencils and trained teachers. To ensure availability of books is one of the major roles of the publishing industry. This thesis was an attempt to assess the impact of Ghana’s Publishing Industry to quality education. The method adopted for this study involved extended on-site visits to the ten printing presses and thirty-two schools in Kumasi and its environs. The study population included staff of various publishing houses, past and present publishing students, headmasters, heads of department, subject teachers, students, officers from textbook unit of the Ghana education service and curriculum research development personnel and personnel from the Ghana book publishers Association. Data were obtained through questionnaire, observation and personal interviews to assess the aims and objectives, history, areas of production, staff establishment, facilities, and the impact of the Industry on quality education. The research also looked at the future projections of Ghana’s Publishing Industry. The research findings have been analysed and interpreted in chapter four. The social, educational and economic values of the industry have been discussed. The research reveals some success with yet more to be done for the full realisation of the industries’ objectives. As a result, suggestions and recommendations to help upgrade the industry to modern standards to enable it play a meaningful role in the quality education programme.
Modern Trends in Tropical Pharmaceutical Industry Design
(2007-07-18) Owusu – Sekyere, Sharon Amy
Modern trends are being shaped by Science and Technology today and the pharmaceutical industry is not excluded in this technological age as manufacturers and other stakeholders seek more advanced methods, as in any other sector, to run their businesses. In Ghana, though at a slower pace, the industry is gradually embracing the idea of advanced trends in technology systems in the daily running of their industries. Among the advantages is an improvement in quality of products, a larger customer base and an increase in sales, which are priorities for any business – minded person. Technology has become an integral part of the industry, beginning at the conceptual stage of the design of the facility. Aside function, intelligence and aesthetics have become integral in modern trends in technology and is being applied in the kind of machinery and equipment being manufactured, security systems, construction materials and finishes, control of parameters such as lighting, temperature, humidity, ventilation, maintenance schedules among others. The extents of evolving trends, especially in terms of technology in the industry, like any other sector, cannot be foretold. This study therefore identifies key areas of the industry and the evolving trends there. Set in a tropical background too, the study also explores how modern trends can become adaptable in a generic tropical zone. Also as the industry is health related, trends regarding regulations, procedures and requirements are continually being changed and upgraded and these are also explored. For a better appreciation, all these, culminate in a design proposal highlighting possibilities to modern trends in a tropical setting and the possibilities to the way forward.
Conflict in primary school and its effects on teaching and learning: a case study of Ejisu-Juaben District
(2007-08-05) Owusu-Mensah, Margaret
Human beings form groups through voluntary means (clubs, societies) and involuntary means (families, ethnic groups). Conflict is basically the misunderstanding between two or more persons or a group of people. Conflict can therefore be grouped under four categories – intrapersonal conflict, interpersonal conflict, intragroup conflict and intergroup conflict. It is obvious that people understand quality education to be how efficient teachers are, availability of teaching and learning resources, infrastructure and the ability of the pupils to absorb lessons and reproduce when needed. Conflict in the basic schools affects teaching and learning especially when it occurs between a teacher and a pupil. It is in the interest of the researcher to identity types of conflict in the basic schools, their causes and how to mitigate their effect on teaching and learning and suggest measures to reduce conflict in the primary schools in Ejisu- Juaben district in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The researcher employed qualitative method through out this work. A number of libraries were also visited to review literature related to the study. Because the population was wide, the researcher sampled thirty- three percent (33%) of the total number of primary schools in the district. Three research tools (questionnaire, interview and observation) were used to solicit information from the field. The outcome of the study revealed that conflict among pupils where rampant and occurred almost everyday in the basic schools in the Ejisu- Juaben district. It was also found that, teacher- parent conflict was mostly caused by pupils. Again the study brought to the fore that pupils were not aware of conflict resolution mechanism in their respective schools, again most schools did not have defined conflict resolution mechanism and the existing ones were not effective enough. Upon the outcome of the research, the researcher recommends that guidance and counseling unit in most basic schools in the district needs reinforcement to equip them with conflict resolution strategies to educate pupils on better ways to handle conflict. Communication link between teachers and parents needs to be strengthened so that relationships between these key persons in education will cordial to reduce intractable problems of conflict in the school. The researcher here again recommends that pupils should be informed and involved in conflict resolution bodies and procedures in the school since it concerns them and how to channel their grievances through them. Schools that have not established conflict resolution unit should as a matter of urgency form one to reduce issues of conflict in their schools to promote effective teaching and learning.

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